Thailand Law Library

by Thailand Lawyer

Chapter 6: Principals and Supporters

In case of an offence is committed on account of having a person to employ an another person to commit the offence according to Section 84, or on account of having a person to propagate or publish to the general public to commit the offence according to Section 85, or by having the supporter according to Section 86.

If the offence occurred is committed by the offender beyond the scope of the employment, propagation or publication, or in excess of the intention of the supporter, the instigator, the person making the propagation or publication to the general public to commit the offence, or the supporter to commit the offence, as the case may be, shall be criminally liable for the offence only in so far as it is within the scope of the employment, propagation or publication, or within the scope of the intention of the supporter to commit the offence only if it may be foreseen that such offence may occur from the employment, propagation or publication, or support, the instigator, the person making the propagation or publication to the general public to commit the offence, or the supporter to commit the offence, as the case may be, shall be criminally liable for the offence occurred. But by taking into account all the circumstances it may be foreseen that such consequence would occur.

In case of the employed person, the person doing according to the propagation or publication to the general public to commit an offence, or the principal in the offence shall be criminally liable for higher punishment on account of the consequence resulting from the commission of the offence, the instigator, the person making the propagation or publication to the general public to commit the offence, or the supporter to commit the offence, as the case may be, shall be also criminally liable for the offence having such higher punishment. But, by the nature of the offence, if the offender shall be criminally liable for higher punishment only when the offender must know or could foresee that such consequence would occur, the instigator, the person making the propagation or publication to the general public to commit the offence, or the supporter to commit the offence shall be criminally liable for the offence having higher punishment only when he has known or could have occurred.

If the offence for which there is employment, propagation or publication to the general public to commit the offence or support is carried out up to the stage of commencement, but, on account of the intervention of the instigator, the person making the propagation or publication, or the supporter, it cannot be carried through, or it is carried through, but it does not achieve its end, the instigator or the person making the propagation or publication shall be liable only for what is provided in Section 84, second paragraph, or Section 85, first paragraph, as the case may be, while the supporter shall not be liable to punishment.

If there are the circumstance personal to any offender so as to excluded, reduce or increase the punishment, such circumstances personal shall not be applied to any other offender for committing such offence. But the circumstances so as to exclude, reduce or increase the punishment as circumstances relating to the nature of the offence, it shall be applied to every offender involving the commission of the offence.